How Tree Roots Can Affect Your Driveway, Sidewalk, and Foundation

Trees make your property look better, feel cooler, and often increase its value. But what many property owners do not realize is that the biggest problems trees cause are usually hidden underground. Tree roots can slowly damage driveways, sidewalks, and even your home’s foundation if they are not properly managed.

Because this damage happens over time, it often goes unnoticed until repairs become expensive. Understanding how tree roots grow and how they interact with structures can help you protect your property before problems get worse.

How Tree Roots Really Grow

Tree roots do not grow straight down. Most root systems spread outward and stay relatively shallow. This allows the tree to collect water and oxygen efficiently.

Important things to know about root growth:

• Most roots grow within the top 12 to 24 inches of soil

• Roots can spread two to three times wider than the tree’s canopy

• Roots grow thicker every year as the tree matures

• Roots do not actively break concrete but will push against anything in their path

When roots grow under paved surfaces, they lift and shift what is above them as they expand.

Why Hard Surfaces Are So Vulnerable

Concrete and asphalt may look solid, but they are not flexible. As roots grow and thicken, they apply upward pressure. Over time, this pressure causes cracking, lifting, and separation of slabs.

Once cracks form, water can enter. This leads to:

• Faster breakdown of concrete

• Soil erosion beneath the surface

• Worsening damage during freeze and thaw cycles

Driveway Damage Caused by Tree Roots

Driveways are wide, flat surfaces that sit directly over shallow soil, which makes them especially vulnerable to tree root growth. As roots expand beneath the surface, small hairline cracks can begin to form and slowly widen over time. Sections of the driveway may lift or tilt, creating uneven areas that make driving and walking uncomfortable. These shifts often cause water to pool after rain, which accelerates deterioration and adds stress to the surrounding concrete. 

When vehicle weight is repeatedly applied to these uneven areas, the damage worsens. If root-related driveway issues are not addressed early, they can quickly become safety hazards and lead to costly repairs or full replacement.

Sidewalk and Walkway Damage

Sidewalks are typically thinner than driveways, which makes them more likely to shift or lift when tree roots grow underneath. Even a small amount of movement can create an uneven surface and turn into a tripping hazard. As roots continue to expand, sidewalks may become difficult to walk on, increasing the risk of slips and falls. 

In many communities, damaged sidewalks must be repaired to meet local safety codes, and property owners are often responsible for those repairs. When sidewalk damage is left unaddressed, it can also lead to liability concerns if someone is injured, which makes early action especially important.

How Tree Roots Affect Foundations

Tree roots rarely break through solid foundations on their own. However, they can still cause serious problems over time.

Roots seek out moisture and may grow toward:

• Small foundation cracks

• Plumbing leaks

• Areas where water collects near the home

In addition, roots can change soil moisture levels around the foundation. When soil dries out unevenly, it can shrink and shift, putting stress on the structure.

Possible warning signs include:

• Cracks in walls or ceilings

• Uneven or sloping floors

• Doors and windows that no longer open smoothly

• Gaps between walls and floors

Trees More Likely to Cause Root Problems

Some trees have faster growth rates or more aggressive root systems.

Trees commonly associated with root damage include:

• Maple Trees

• Willow Trees

• Poplar Trees

• Oak Trees

• Elm Trees

These trees can be healthy and beautiful when planted correctly. Problems usually arise when they are planted too close to hardscapes or buildings.

Early Warning Signs to Watch For

Spotting root problems early can save thousands of dollars in repairs.

Look for:

• Cracks or lifting in concrete

• Exposed roots near driveways or sidewalks

• Changes in how water drains on your property

• Soil pushing upward near structures

Never cut roots on your own. Removing major roots can make a tree unstable and increase the risk of falling during storms.

Protect Your Property Before the Damage Grows

Tree root damage happens slowly, but it does not stop on its own. The longer it goes untreated, the more serious and expensive the repairs can become.

If you are seeing cracks, uneven pavement, or signs of foundation stress, Tree Guys Tree Services is here to help. Our experienced team provides honest assessments and practical solutions to protect your trees and your property.

Contact Tree Guys Tree Services today to schedule an evaluation and stop root damage before it spreads further.